Human Safety of Veterinary Drug Residues

      Farhan Ali                                                                           

                   DVM 6^th Semester                                        

                   Faculty of veterinary Sciences Multan : BZU

                   intellifarhan390@hotmail.com

Human Safety of Veterinary Drug Residues

“Residues of Veterinary Drugs include the parent compounds or their metabolites in any edible portion of the animal product and include the residues of associated impurities of the Veterinary drug concerned“.

Food animals convert one source of Nutrional energy (grass , hay , grain ) into another   (meat ,milk ,eggs ) .Food animal production practice requires management of animal health and this can require the use of drug .Human health and this can require the use of drug .Human health effects of food animal drugs can arise from drug residues.

                                                                            

Food producing species	Energy product	Consumes per capita(pound)
cattle	Meat	110
cows	Fish	16.1
chickens	Poultry	73.6
Goat	Egg	32.7
Camel	Dairy product	600.5

To determine residual effect of Veterinary drugs (Antibiotics , Antiparasitic ,bactericides, fungicides etc ). Drug sponsor conducts a standard battery of toxicological test .This battery includes studies that examine the effect of the product on systemic toxicity, mutagenicity , reproductive ,and developmental toxicity . The toxicological studies are designed to identify a dose that cause a toxic effect and a dose that cause no observed Effect . This no observed effect level is divided by a safety factor to calculate an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of drug residues. The ADI represent the amount of drug residues that can be safety consumed daily for as long as a lifetime .Once ADI is establish the drug sponsor conduct drug metabolism and depletion studies .when the drug residues in target tissue depletes below tolerance all edible tissue are considered safe for Human consumption .These are special food safety concern for the residues of veterinary drug .It is known that the therapeutics doses of these agents cause adverse effect on Human intestinal micro flora . Drug Residues Testing by FAST (fast antimicrobial screen test ), Lab test (HPLC), Target tissue tested Milk , kidney often tested at slaughter.

The Food and  Drug administration is empowered with the regulatory responsibility of ensuring that use of Veterinary drug  in food animal does not result in adverse heath consequences in Human. Before any animal drug may be Legally marketed and drug sponsor   must have a New Animal Drug Application (NADA) approved by the FDA .

“Drug misuse is not a disease, it is a decision, like the decision to step out in front of a moving car. You would call that not a disease but an error of judgment.”